Fasting Ramadhan part 4

بسم الله الرحمان الرحيم
In the Name of Allah,
the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

Things which invalidate the fast

Each of the following things invalidates the
day's fast when one knows they are unlaw-
ful (during an obligatory fast) and remembers
one is fasting (but does them deliberately any-
way); and they obligate one to both make up
the fast-day later and fast the remainder of
that day:

(1)  eating ;

(2)  drinking (and smoking (though not if
there is some smoke in the air that one
unintentionally inhales)) ;

(3) taking snuff (up the nose that reaches
the sinuses, a ruling likewise application
to oil or water preparations) ;

(4)  suppositories (vaginal or anal) ;

(5)  pouring (water, oil, or other (ear bud))
into the ears until it reaches the eardrums ;

(6)  inserting a finger or something else into
the anus or vagina further than the area dis-
closed when one squats (to relieve oneself) ;

(7)  anything that enters the body cavity, whe-
ther stabbed into it (such as a knife or spear
thrust which penetrates it) or whether medi-
cine ( though intramuscular or intravenous
injections of medicine do not break one's fast) ;

(8)  vomiting (if it is deliberate and one is able
to prevent it, though if nausea overcomes one,
vomiting does not break one's fast) ;

(9)  sexual intercourse (if deliberate, even if
there is no orgasm), or orgasm from stroking
a non-genital region or from masturbation (no
matter whether such orgasm is produced by
unlawful means, like one's own hand (or whe-
ther by lawful means, such as the hand of one's
wife) ;

(10)  using so much water to rinse out the nose
and mouth (in ablution (wudu) or the purificatory
bath (ghusl) that some reaches the stomach (i.e.
if any reaches the body cavity because of using
an abundance of water, it breaks the fast, though
if some water slips down when an abundance has
not been used, it does not break it) ;

(11)  swallowing saliva that has left the mouth, such
as when threading a needle and one moistens the
end of the thread, and then re-moistens it, swallow-
ing some of the saliva that the thread had been pre-
viously wetted with ;

(12)  swallowing saliva that has been qualitatively
altered, such as when threading a needle and one
wets the end, and some dye from the tread remains
in the mouth and is swallowed ( so people who use
toothpaste should take care to eliminate it from the
mouth before dawn on fast-days) ;

(13)  swallowing saliva that has been made impure
by contact with filth (najasa), such as when one's
mouth is bloodied and one spits out  the saliva until
it is clear and colorless, but neglects to wash one's
mouth out (before swallowing the saliva, which breaks
the fast because the mouth is still affected by impurity
( and water is necessary to purify it,)) ;


(14)  allowing phlegm or mucus at the back of the mouth
to be swallowed when one could have spit them out
(though in the Hanafi school this does not break the
fast, even if intentional ) ;


(15)  or to continue making love, even for a moment,
after dawn has arrived.

Extracts from
Ahmad ibn Naqib al- Misri
Reliance of the Traveller
Tran .. Nuh Ha mim Keller